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A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#x6X@H7X@# XX  *#HHީ'  ӧ   XX #x6X@I7X@# XX  I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)Ҳ#x6X@J7X@# XX  *#HHީSMALL 'G@6FSmall Typestyle=(%8'GB*%- 'G.E'(2S[[B[[FINE- 'G@6FFine Typestyle=(%8'GB*%- 'G.E)*LARGE 'G@6FLarge Typestyle=(%8'GB*%- 'G.E+,EXTRA LARGE@6FExtra Large Typestyle8'GB*%- 'G.E-.VERY LARGE@6FVery Large Typestyle8'GB*%- 'G.E/02@BENVELOPEG@6FStandard Business Envelope with Header%- 'G.Ee12 V,  X  , 8#x6X@K7X@#   I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#x6X@L7X@#    `   Style 14G@6FSwiss 8 Pt Without MarginsGB*%- 'G.E'3'4#Co> PMQP##)a [ PNQ)P#Style 12G@6FDutch Italics 11.5%8'GB*%- 'G.E'5'6#)^ `> XiOQ)X##)a [ PPQ)P#Style 11G@6FInitial Codes for Advanced II*%- 'G.EZ78#)a [ PQQ)P# dn  #  [ b, oT9 !#)a [ PRQ)P# ## b, oT9 ! I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PSQ)P# ## b, oT9 !#)^ `> XiTQ)X#`He%)Advanced Legal WordPerfect II Learning Guide   #)a [ PUQ)P# ## b, oT9 ! I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PVQ)P# ## b, oT9 !#)^ `> XiWQ)X#Advanced Legal WordPerfect II Learning Guide   #)a [ PXQ)P# ## b, oT9 ! I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PYQ)P# ## b, oT9 !#)^ `> XiZQ)X#   Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988`e%APage   I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ P[Q)P# ## b, oT9 !#)a [ P\Q)P# ## b, oT9 !#)^ `> Xi]Q)X#   Page `e%*Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988 2srStyle 3'G@6FDutch Roman 11.5 with Margins/Tabs*%- 'G.E9:#)a [ P^Q)P# n  ## b, oT9 !Style 4'G@6FSwiss 8 Point with MarginsGB*%- 'G.EG;<#Co> P_QP# dd  #  Style 1'G@6FDutch Roman 11.5 Font8'GB*%- 'G.E7=>#)a [ P`Q)P# dn Style 2'G@6FDutch Italic 11.5%8'GB*%- 'G.E'?@#)^ `> XiaQ)X#2jStyle 5'G@6FDutch Bold 18 Point8'GB*%- 'G.E'A'B#T~> pbQTp##)a [ PcQ)P#Style 7'G@6FSwiss 11.59% =(%8'GB*%- 'G.E'C'D#)ao> PdQ)P##)a [ PeQ)P#Style 6'G@6FDutch Roman 14 Point8'GB*%- 'G.E'E'F#w [ PfQP##)a [ PgQ)P#Style 10G@6FInitial Codes for AdvancedGB*%- 'G.EGH#)a [ PhQ)P# dn   #  [ b, oT9 !#)a [ PiQ)P# ## b, oT9 ! I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PjQ)P# ## b, oT9 !#)^ `> XikQ)X#`e%*Advanced Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide   #)a [ PlQ)P# ## b, oT9 ! I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PmQ)P# ## b, oT9 !#)^ `> XinQ)X#Advanced Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide   #)a [ PoQ)P# ## b, oT9 ! I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PpQ)P# ## b, oT9 !#)^ `> XiqQ)X#   Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988`e%APage  #)a [ PrQ)P# ## b, oT9 ! I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PsQ)P# ## b, oT9 !#)^ `> XitQ)X#   Page `e%*Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988 2 t]Style 8'G@6FInitial Codes for BeginningB*%- 'G.EIJ#)a [ PuQ)P# dn  ## b, oT9  [ #)a [ PvQ)P# ## b, oT9  I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PwQ)P# ## b, oT9 #)^ `> XixQ)X#`e%*Beginning Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide   #)a [ PyQ)P# ## b, oT9  I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PzQ)P# ## b, oT9 #)^ `> Xi{Q)X#Beginning Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide   #)a [ P|Q)P# ## b, oT9  I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ P}Q)P# ## b, oT9 #)^ `> Xi~Q)X#   Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988`e%APage  #)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9  I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9 #)^ `> XiQ)X#   Page `e%*Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988 Style 9'G @6FInitial Codes for Intermediate*%- 'G.EKL#)a [ PQ)P# dn  ## b, oT9 Њ [ #)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9  I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9 #)^ `> XiQ)X#`=e%)Intermediate Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide   #)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9  I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9 #)^ `> XiQ)X#Intermediate Legal WordPerfect Learning Guide   #)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9  I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9 #)^ `> XiQ)X#   Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc.`e%APage  #)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9  I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9 #)^ `> XiQ)X#   Page `e%*Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988 Update 'G@6FInitial Codes for Update Module*%- 'G.EMN#)a [ PQ)P# dn  ##  [ b, oT9 !#)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9 ! I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9 !#)^ `> XiQ)X#`e%&Legal WordPerfect 5.0 Update Class Learning Guide   #)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9 ! I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9 !#)^ `> XiQ)X#Legal WordPerfect 5.0 Update Class Learning Guide   #)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9 ! I. A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a)#)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9 !#)^ `> XiQ)X#   Copyright  Portola Systems, Inc. 1987, 1988`e%APage  #)a [ PQ)P# ## b, oT9 ! I. 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x]7kj|,d82,3d*0 x]7lA|PE,|3|\  PAPnh'J0),|J\  PAPAF5 ,V"54  pG;"oW!B(#,~hB4  pG;hpF3 ,"3\  P6G;"Pq W!@(#,h@\  P6G;hP1rH7!,,T,74  pG;,u:,,),4  pG;tsH7!,,T,74  pG;,uf&M/), IM4  pG;xQ=% ,`HO=4  pG;Owvf&M/), IM4  pG;xh'O0*,JO4  pG;{S ?&!,LY?4  pG;Yzyh'O0*,JO4  pG;{;wH?,4w4  pG;~~/_:2,_4  pG;}|;wH?,4w4  pG;~b%J-',FJ4  pG;Jz.]81,8W]4  pG;KDz.g82,nAg_ pi7Db%R-(,nqR_ pi7z.g82,nAg_ pi7`$H,&,@H4  pG;L:#,0W;:4  pG;;`$H,&,@H4  pG;DF; ,n";_ pi7"D8/,n/_ pi7F; ,n";_ pi7"D`$P,',nP_ pi7DL@#,nI;@_ pi7;`$P,',nP_ pi7DW!I($,nEhI_ pi7hW!I($,nEhI_ pi7hDg(W0*,n݉W_ pi7DS F&",nAYF_ pi7Yg(W0*,n݉W_ pi7APF,\4  pG;\?}PF,2}*f9 xr G;XAPF,I,9 xOG;$ <PP,%ps7,P#  `F#O PE37P#  H2  S'   ` `  hhCqpp  *xxXFCC 96311  S'bQ Before the Đ X'\V #X~ps7֐X##Xn4  pG;xX# FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION +Washington, D.C. 20554  XZ4#Xj\  P6G; DXP#   X,4X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8: -#C\  P6QP#эXA complete list of commenters is provided in Appendix A.(#Ƙ The majority of commenters, representing LMDS proponents and the satellite industry, recognized that our proposed band plan was a reasonable compromise to accommodate all interested parties in the band and generally expressed the desire for more unencumbered spectrum in the 28 GHz band for their proposed service. We will address issues relating to service rules for both GSO/FSS and NGSO/FSS systems proposing to operate in the 28 GHz band in a  X -forthcoming Report and Order. Service and auction rules relating to LMDS will also be  X-addressed in a separate Report and Order.  X- x  Xh-gl II. BACKGROUND  X:- x6. The 27.529.5 GHz frequency band is allocated for fixed service, fixedsatellite  X#-service uplinks and mobile service.#t {O-#C\  P6QP#эXSee 47 C.F.R. 2.106.(# In January 1991, the Commission granted the application of CellularVision's predecessorininterest, Hye Crest, Inc., for a license to provide LMDS in the 27.528.5 GHz frequency band within the New York City Primary Metropolitan  X-Statistical Area (NYPMSA).mZ|t {O - (##C\  P6QP#эXHye Crest Management, Inc. 6 F.C.C Rcd. 332 (1991). The Commission granted the application pursuant  (#to waiver of the pointtopoint rules in Part 21 to allow a fixed cellular pointtomultipoint operation for video distribution. (#m  X-x7.Meanwhile, NASA's successful launch and operation of its experimental Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS) initiated demand by satellite entities for the use of the 28 GHz band, and its associated downlink bands. In 1990, Motorola Satellite  Xk-Communications, Inc. applied for feeder links for its NGSO/MSS system in this band."kt yO$- (##C\  P6QP#эXIn July 1990, Norris Satellite Communications Inc., filed an application to provide satellite services in the  (#l28 GHz band and obtained an authorization in 1992. However, the Commission has recently declared  {OJ&- (#Norris' authorization null and void for failing to begin timely system construction. See In The Matter of  (#.Norris Satellite Communications, Inc. For Authority to Construct, Launch, and Operate a KaBand Satellite"'0*((?'"  {O-System DA 96363 (released March 14, 1996). This decision is subject to Norris' application for review. (# "kZ0*(("Ԍ X-ԙx8.This Report and Order is the culmination of a proceeding that was initiated in 1992 by three petitions for rulemaking proposing changes in the rules concerning fixed stations in the  X-28 GHz band.Zt {O-#C\  P6QP#эXSee Third NPRM at  10 for a summary of these petitions.(#ƭ In the First NPRM, released in January 1993, the Commission tentatively concluded that redesignation from fixed pointtopoint use to fixed pointtomultipoint could  X-stimulate greater use of the 27.529.5 GHz band. \t {OE - (##C\  P6QP#эXSee In the Matters of Rulemaking to Amend Part 1 and Part 21 of the Commission's Rules to Redesignate  (#zthe 27.529.5 GHz Frequency Band and to Establish Rules and Policies for Local Multipoint Distribution  {O -Service, 8 F.C.C Rcd. 557 (1993) ("First NPRM").(#Ɲ The Commission also proposed rules for implementation of LMDS service. Based on CellularVision's existing technology, we also  Xz-proposed two spectrum blocks of 1000 MHz each for LMDS. In the First NPRM the Commission also requested comment regarding the effect of redesignation and the proposed rules on any proposed satellite use of the band.  X -x9.The majority of commenters and reply commenters supported the Commission's finding of widespread interest in both pointtomultipoint and satellite use of the 28 GHz band. The Commission considered various proposals for the 28 GHz band and released the  X -Second NPRM in February 1994. \ t {O- (##C\  P6QP#эXSee In the Matters of Rulemaking to Amend Part 1 and Part 21 of the Commission's Rules to Redesignate  (#zthe 27.529.5 GHz Frequency Band and to Establish Rules and Policies for Local Multipoint Distribution  {O.-Service Second Notice of Proposed Rulemaking,, 9 F.C.C. Rcd. 1394 (1994) ("Second NPRM").(# We tentatively concluded that it would serve the public interest to allow terrestrial and satellite providers to coexist in the 28 GHz band. We then established the LMDS/FSS 28 GHz Band Negotiated Rulemaking Committee ("NRMC") to  X-develop technical rules for sharing the band. 4 t yO}- (##C\  P6QP#эXThe LMDS/FSS 28 GHz Band NRMC was made up of a representative group of potential service providers and manufacturers from both industries. (#  Xj-x 10.Despite the significant efforts of the parties involved, the NRMC did not reach  XS-consensus on a sharing plan.k ZS t yO- (##C\  P6QP#эXThe NRMC met between July 26, 1994 and September 23, 1994, concluding when the established two  {OX - (#{month time period expired. See Report of the LMDS/FSS 28 GHz Negotiated Rulemaking Committee (September 23, 1994).(#k It concluded that LMDS and FSS service uplinks are not technically able, at this time, to reasonably share the same spectrum. However, CellularVision, Texas Instruments, and Motorola were able to reach general agreement on technical parameters allowing LMDS hubtosubscriber links and feeder links for NGSO/MSS systems to share the same spectrum, subject to specific agreement on sharing criteria. LMDS proponents and Motorola have not been able to develop any mutually agreed upon sharing  X-criteria for NGSO/MSS feeder links and LMDS subscribertohub links. See infra  37. There was also some preliminary indication that limited sharing could be achieved between" 0*((p"  X-FSS gateway stations (either nongeostationary or geostationary orbit) and LMDS.! t yOy- (##C\  P6QP#эXThe term "gateways" as used in this context, means earth stations which are limited in number, and are generally larger and easier to coordinate than widelydeployed user terminals.(#!  X-x 11.In the time between the NRMC and the Third NPRM, Commission staff conducted several meetings with interested parties to discuss further issues regarding band segmentation  X-and sharing. In the Third NPRM we proposed a band segmentation plan that divides the 28 GHz band into discrete spectrum segments with each segment designated to either GSO/FSS, NGSO/FSS, MSS feeder links, or LMDS, on a primary or coprimary basis. We requested that "any commenter asserting that the band plan does not provide sufficient capacity for its system, . . . specify the minimum spectrum required to support its system, supporting this assertion with a concrete technical and economic analysis, and . . . propose a plan that  X -accommodates the reasonable requirements of all qualified applicants."| t {O -#C\  P6QP#эXThird NPRM at  35.(#|  X -x 12.Below we provide a summary of systems proposing service in the 28 GHz band and discuss relevant international allocation decisions influencing our domestic band plan. We then discuss issues concerning the proposed band plan, alternative band plans considered, and present our final band plan.  X- A. Proposed systems for the 28 GHz band  XO-x  13.In the Third NPRM we described the characteristics of the LMDS, FSS, and MSS  X:-systems proposed for the 28 GHz band.:t {O-#C\  P6QP#эXSee Third NPRM at  1732.(#Ƈ Following is a summary of these characteristics, including a description of new satellite applicants and any modifications in the system  X -proponents' applications since the adoption of the Third NPRM.  X-  X-1. LMDS Proposals:  X-x 14.LMDS proponents indicate that this new technology will allow LMDS providers to offer services that compete both with LECs in the provision of local exchange service, and with cable operators in the provision of video programming. Very high subscriber capacity for twoway video telecommunications is available through LMDS technology developed for use in the 28 GHz frequency band. Hub transceivers operate in small cells, typically six miles in diameter, which transmit to and receive transmissions from subscriber locations. Because the cells are small, and arranged in a typical cellular pattern, a very high level of frequency reuse is possible. This pattern, combined with the availability of broadband microwave spectrum, results in sufficient capacity in the proposed LMDS system designs offer services that compete both with local exchange carriers in the provision of local exchange service, and with cable operators in the provision of video programming even in urban areas. " D0*((" We expect that LMDS providers will offer facilitiesbased competition to traditional cable and telephone carriers greatly enhancing customer choice, and facilitating the rapid dissemination of innovative communications services with the entry of multiple providers into the market. x15.ؠ The wealth of innovative services possible with the LMDS broadband spectrum we make available includes twoway video, teleconferencing, telemedicine, telecommuting, data services and global networks. LMDS systems have the capacity to provide broadband videoondemand and distance learning. Moreover, LMDS' cellularlike capabilities enable it to offer diverse services within the same region, and to jointly offer services traditionally provided by separate communications service providers. x16.ؠ LMDS has attracted attention from both developed and developing countries. Canada has begun licensing this technology (called LMCS) in three gigahertz of spectrum in the frequency band 25.35 to 28.35 GHz. At least six other countries, including Mexico and  X -Venezuela, have licensed LMDS on an experimental or permanent basis in the 28 GHz band.q\ t {O - (##C\  P6QP#эXEx parte notice letter, Michael Gardner, P.C., to William Caton, Acting Secretary, Federal Communications  {O- (#Commission, February 16, 1995; ex parte notice letter, Texas Instruments, Inc., to William Caton, June 1, 1995.(#q LMDS developers offer the prospect of modern wireless telephone systems, video distribution, and other communications services to developing countries that lack wireline or cable infrastructure. x  X4-x2. Satellite Proposals :  X-  X-x17.The satellite industry perceives the 28 GHz band as primarily the location for the development of new FSS broadband services provided directly to the home, but also as the expansion band for accommodating growth in existing FSS services. The band is also seen as the location of feeder links for MSS use. The 28 GHz band has the capability to sustain the use of very small earth station antennas and to provide highspeed, broadband interactive  X-services on demand. Three different types of satellite system uses have been proposed in this band: GSO/FSS, NGSO/FSS and feeder links for NGSO/MSS systems. Below we describe new applications, modifications or amendments to existing applications since the adoption of  XN-the Third NPRM.  X"-x a. GeostationaryOrbit FixedSatellite Service Proposals ("GSO/FSS")  X-x18.Concurrent with the release of the Third NPRM, the Commission placed the five Kaband satellite applications which were on file on public notice and established a September  X -29, 1995 cutoff date for filing applications to be considered with them. t yOg&-#C\  P6QP#эXPublic Notice, Report No. SPB20, Release No. DA 951689, July 28, 1995. (#Ʃ In response, we received thirteen new satellite system applications, amendments, or modifications to"!|0*(( "  X-applications for GSO/FSS systems in this band.b t {Oy- (##C\  P6QP#эXSee applications for AT&T Corp. (File No. 156162SATP/LA95); Comm, Inc. (File Nos.163166SAT (#\P/LA95 and 201SATMISC95); EchoStar Satellite Corporation (File No. 167/168SATP/LA95); GE  (#American Communications, Inc. (File No. 169173SATP/LA95); Hughes Communications Galaxy, Inc.  (#(File Nos. 3/4DSSP/LA94; CSS94021025 and 174181SATP/LA95); KaStar Satellite  (#Communications Corp. (File Nos. 127SATP/LA95 and 203SATP/LA95); Lockheed Martin Corporation  (# (File No. 182186SATP/LA95); Loral Space & Communications, Ltd. (application originally filed as  (#Loral Aerospace Holdings, Inc.) (File Nos. 109SATP/LA95; 110SATP95; 187SATAMEND95 and  (#188/189SATP/LA95); Morning Star Satellite Co. (File No. 190193SATP/LA95); NetSat 28 (File No.  (#[194SATP/LA95); Orion Asia Pacific Corporation (File No. 206SATAMEND95); Orion Atlantic, L.P.  (#>(File No. 204SATML95); Orion Network Systems, Inc. (File Nos. 195197SATP/LA95; 205SAT (#AMEND95); PanAmSat Corporation (File Nos. 117SATAMEND95; 198/199SATP/LA95 and 202SATAMEND95); and VisionStar, Inc. (File No. 200SATP/LA95).(#Ɨ  X-x19.The GSO/FSS applicants propose a variety of broadband services such as: interactive digital voice, data, and video; electronic messaging; facsimile; video telephony; videoconferencing; satellite news gathering; computer access; directtohome ("DTH") video, and telemedicine. Eight applicants propose global coverage and five applicants propose  Xv-regional coverage.v t yO- (#L#C\  P6QP#эXAT&T Corp., GE American Communications, Inc., Hughes Communications Galaxy, Inc., Lockheed Martin  (#OCorporation, Loral Space & Communications, Ltd., MorningStar Satellite Co., Orion Asia Pacific  (#[Corporation, Orion Atlantic, L.P., Orion Network Systems, Inc., and PanAmSat Corporation propose global  (#\systems. The following applicants propose regional service: Comm, Inc., EchoStar Satellite Corporation, KaStar Satellite Communications Corp., NetSat 28, and VisionStar, Inc. (#ƀ  XH-xb. NonGeostationaryOrbit FixedSatellite Service Proposal ("NGSO/FSS")  X -x20.Teledesic Corporation is the only NGSO/FSS applicant on file with the Commission. t {Oo-#C\  P6QP#эXSee File Nos. 22DSSP/LA94(840); 43SATAMEND95 and 127SATAMEND95. (#Ư Teledesic proposes a constellation of 840 lowEarth Orbit ("LEO") satellites to provide "broadband capacity in the sky" such as voice, facsimile, twoway digital data, videoconferencing, interactive multimedia and other types of broadband services. Teledesic requests 500 MHz of spectrum in each direction for its standard terminal links, specifically, 28.629.1 GHz (uplink) and 18.819.3 GHz (downlink). It also requests authority to operate using an additional 800 MHz in the 28 GHz band for gatewaytosatellite feeder links.  Xd-xc. NonGeostationaryOrbit Mobile Satellite Service ("NGSO/MSS") Feeder Links  X8-x21. Feeder links for NGSO/MSS systems use frequencies allocated to the FSS to interconnect a mobile satellite space station with other fixed communications networks by means of one or more central earth stations. The user transceivers are connected to the mobile satellite space station using other mobile satellite frequencies. Motorola, Inc. and TRW Inc. are currently the only two licensed NGSO/MSS systems that have applications for"40*((r" NGSO/MSS feeder links in the 28 GHz band. Specifically, the Commission conditionally authorized Motorola to construct feeder uplinks in the 29.129.3 GHz band, and feeder  X-downlinks in the 19.419.6 GHz band.rt {OK- (#?#C\  P6QP#эXSee Motorola Satellite Communications, Inc., 10 F.C.C. Rcd. 2268 (Int'l. Bur. 1995), as corrected by  {O-Erratum, 10 F.C.C. Rcd. 3925 (Int'l. Bur. 1995); recon denied FCC 96279 (released June 27, 1996). (#r Motorola's licensed NGSO/MSS system, Iridium, is under construction and is scheduled for launch this year. TRW was conditionally authorized to construct feeder uplinks in the 29.730.0 GHz frequency band, and feeder downlinks in the  X-19.820.1 GHz frequency bands.7$t {Ob - (# #C\  P6QP#эXSee TRW Inc., 10 F.C.C. Rcd. 2263 (Int'l Bur. 1995), as corrected by Erratum 10 F.C.C. Rcd. 2263 (Int'l  {O, -Bur. 1995), recon. denied FCC 96279 (released June 27,1996).(#7 The 29.730.0 GHz band however, was eliminated from consideration as a potential MSS feeder link band as part of the preparations for the World  X_-Radio Communications Conference 1995 ("WRC95").8_t {O - (##C\  P6QP#эXSee CPM Report on Technical Operational and Regulatory/Procedural Matters to be Considered by the  {OZ-1995 World Radio Communication Conference, (CPM Report), Table 15 (Geneva 1995).(#8 In response to the frequency bands  XH-designated for feeder links for NGSO/MSS systems at WRC95,Ht {O-#C\  P6QP#эXSee discussion infra  24.(#Ɖ TRW Inc. submitted a proposed modification to its authorization requesting use of the 29.129.4 GHz band for  X -feeder uplinks, and the 19.319.6 GHz for its feeder downlinks. n t {O9- (##C\  P6QP#эXSee Amendment of Application of TRW Inc. for Modification of License, File No. 155SATML95 (filed December 29, 1995).(#  X -x pp  X - B. Outcome of WRC95  X -x  X -x22. We stated in the Third NPRM that the outcome of WRC95 could affect our ability to  X-implement the proposed band plan. t {O -#C\  P6QP#эXSee Third NPRM at  66.(#ƀ At WRC95 the U.S. proposals, which were consistent with our proposed 28 GHz domestic band plan, were very successful. Some parties suggested  Xd-that we request supplemental comments after the conclusion of WRC95.dZ t yOo- (##C\  P6QP#эXComments of GE Americom at 20; Comments of Constellation Communications at 23; Reply Comments of Loral/Qualcomm at 2. (# However, because the results of WRC95 were consistent with our proposed band plan, as well as the band plan we adopt here, we do not think that it was necessary to do so. In any event, pursuant to our  X-ex parte rules, a number of parties have addressed this issue subsequent to WRC95. x  X-x23.Resolution 118 of WRC95 addresses the bands 18.819.3 GHz and 28.629.1 GHz. The Conference adopted changes concerning the 18.919.3 GHz (downlinks) and 28.729.1 GHz (uplinks) bands to facilitate the operation of NGSO/FSS systems on a coprimary basis" 0*(("  X-with the GSO/FSS.  t yOy- (##C\  P6QP#эXA principle regulatory obstacle to NGSO/FSS service is the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU)  (#Radio Regulation 2613 (RR 2613), which requires any NGSO system to cease operations if it causes  (#unacceptable interference into a GSO/FSS system. The Conference decided that as of 18 November 1995, RR 2613 shall not apply in the bands 18.919.3 GHz and 28.729.1 GHz.(#  The other 100 MHz of spectrum in each band, 18.818.9 and 28.628.7  X-GHz is "frozen" internationally until WRC97.t {OJ- (##C\  P6QP#эXSee Resolution 118 Final Acts of the World Radiocommunication Conference, (Geneva 1995).  (#Internationally, "frozen" refers to the fact that the ITU's Radiocommunication Bureau will return any  (#]satellite system notifications received, or considered to be received, from any administration after 17  (#February 1996 and until the last day of WRC97. Thus, the ITU frequency registration process is "frozen" during this period for systems that have not been notified previously.(#Ɔ Resolution 118 also calls for the ITU Radiocommunication Sector (ITUR) to study conditions for sharing between GSO and NGSO/FSS systems, between NGSO/FSS systems, and between NGSO/FSS and terrestrial systems. These studies are to be taken into account in determining whether the types of changes adopted for the 28.729.1/18.919.3 GHz bands should also be adopted in the frozen bands, and whether any other adjustments in spectrum allocations are warranted.  XH-x24.Resolution 120 of WRC95 addresses the use of the bands 19.319.7 GHz and 29.129.5 GHz by NGSO/MSS feeder links. The Conference adopted allocation changes to facilitate use of the 19.319.6 GHz (downlink) and 29.129.4 GHz (uplink) bands for the operation of NGSO/MSS feeder links on a coprimary basis with the GSO/FSS. Studies will be performed on the other 100 MHz spectrum blocks, 19.619.7 GHz and 29.429.5 GHz with  X -a view to similar actions in 1997. b t {O-#C\  P6QP#эXSee Resolution 120 Final Acts of the WRC95 (Geneva).(#ƛ In addition, WRC95 adopted the U.S. proposal to permit  X -"reverse band working" in the 19.319.6 GHz band for feeder links for NGSO/MSS systems.& t {Oc- (##C\  P6QP#эXAs we stated in the Third NPRM, reverse band working involves authorizing satellite communications links  (#in a direction opposite to the direction for which the band is allocated. Thus, in the 19.419.7 GHz bands,  {O- (#which are allocated for downlinks, uplinks should operate on a "reverse band working" basis. See Third  {O-NPRM n.61.(#  Xy-q III. DISCUSSION  XK- A. NGSO/FSS or GSO/FSS and LMDS CoFrequency Sharing Issues  X-x25.In the Third NPRM, we tentatively concluded, based on the record at that time, that cofrequency sharing between NGSO/FSS or GSO/FSS systems and LMDS systems was not  X-feasible. t {O%-#C\  P6QP#эXSee Third NPRM at  43.(#ƀ Many commenters agree with our tentative conclusion.S!Ztt {O- (#|#C\  P6QP#эXSee e.g. Comments of Hughes at 31; Reply Comments of Hughes at 25; Comments of NASA at 7;  (#Comments of ComTech Associates at 23; Comments of GHz Equipment Company, Inc. at 3; Comments of Teledesic at 14.(#S Some proponents of" !0*((" LMDS systems in this band disagree, and contend that we should not preclude the possibility  X-of future cofrequency sharing in the band."t {O- (# #C\  P6QP#эXSee e.g. Comments of CellularVision at 45; Comments of Bell Atlantic at 3, and Comments of Endgate Corporation at 4.(# For example, CellularVision suggests that the Commission adopt a mechanism that would allow it to incorporate cofrequency sharing into  X-the band plan, should any party demonstrate that sharing is feasible.#Dt {O -#C\  P6QP#эXSee Comments of CellularVision at 5.(#Ɗ Bell Atlantic asserts that the Commission should permit interested parties to develop the record further on this  X-issue or negotiate cofrequency arrangements.$t yO-#C\  P6QP#эXComments of Bell Atlantic at 3. (#Ɓ However, these proponents do not supply any additional technical findings on the cofrequency sharing issue and how such cofrequency operations could be implemented.  X1-x26.Hughes argues that the Commission should decline to "leave the door open" for co X -frequency sharing between LMDS and FSS.% f t yO1-#C\  P6QP#эXReply Comments of Hughes at 2526.(#Ƃ Teledesic also asserts that there has been no engineering study submitted in this proceeding demonstrating that such sharing is technically  X -achievable.& t yO-#C\  P6QP#эXReply Comments of Teledesic at 4. (#Ƃ NASA further asserts that studies by Bellcore and GeoWave have been unsuccessful in finding techniques that would allow cofrequency sharing between LMDS and satellite systems each with ubiquitous consumer terminals operating in the same geographical  X -areas.'Z t yO- (##C\  P6QP#эXComments of NASA at 8. BellCore and GeoWave each submitted studies after the conclusion of the  (#NRMC, that they contend demonstrate that cofrequency sharing between LMDS and FSS systems is  {On-possible. For summaries of the BellCore and GeoWave studies see Third NPRM  4043.(#Ƴ Comtech Associates asserts that "sharing arrangements as proposed in the Bellcore study will place unnecessary technical and financial burdens on small LMDS operators. Additionally the technical uncertainty surrounding the inability to adequately field test the necessary conditions resulting from multiple service providers in the 28 GHz band will introduce business and financial uncertainty making raising capital for service providers more  X4-difficult."}(4t yO#-#X\  P6G;P#э Comments of Comtech Associates at 3.}  X-x27.We conclude, based on the entire record before us, that cofrequency sharing between either GSO/FSS or NGSO/FSS ubiquitously deployed terminals and LMDS with its" 8(0*(( "  X-ubiquitously deployed subscriber terminals, is not feasible at this time.\) t {Oy- (##C\  P6QP#эXAndrew Corporation claims its prototype conical antenna facilitates cofrequency sharing. See Comments  (#of Andrew Corporation at 3. Pacific Telesis asserts that system proponents consider the antenna in system  (#Ndesigns, but the Commission should not consider an additional period of negotiations and evaluations.  (#Reply Comments of PacificTelesis at 2. Hughes argues that this antenna is "unproven" and the technical  (# data submitted with Andrew's Comments provides no support for its conclusion that LMDS and GSO/FSS  (# can share the spectrum. Reply Comments of Hughes at 25. The record demonstrates that cofrequency  (#\sharing between LMDS and FSS is a multifaceted problem. We believe that the antenna silo performance  (#Andrew claims to fix is only one aspect of the sharing problem and alone does not permit us to determine that cofrequency sharing is feasible.(#\ At this time no party  X-has demonstrated the feasibility of sharing, and our conclusion in the Third NPRM was clearly supported by the record to date. However, if future technology becomes available to facilitate this type of sharing we would consider revisiting this conclusion.  X-x 28.We also deny Qualcomm Incorporated's request to reopen the record in this proceeding, on a limited basis, for supplemental comments on sharing issues among  Xa-NGSO/FSS systems.*at {O- (##C\  P6QP#эXSee Petition for Supplemental Comments of QualComm, Incorporated CC Docket No. 92297, (filed Feb. 28, 1996). (# Teledesic opposes this request. QualComm's Petition raises issues directly relating to intraservice sharing and licensing policies for NGSO/FSS systems. A  X3-forthcoming Report and Order will address NGSO/FSS service rules and we do not believe that the adoption of the domestic band segmentation plan precludes the possibility of sharing between NGSO/FSS systems. Therefore, we conclude that reopening the formal comment  X -period in this proceeding is not warranted. Consistent with our ex parte rules,+ t {O-#C\  P6QP#эSee generally, 47 C.F.R. 1.1206. several parties have filed comments after the formal comment deadline.  X - B. Services above 40 GHz  X-  X- x29.In the Third NPRM, we also tentatively concluded that the 40.542.5 GHz ("40 GHz  Xj-band") is not currently suitable for either the LMDS or fixed satellite services, as proposed in  XS-this docket.,S t {O-#C\  P6QP#эX  See Third NPRM at  3638.(#ƍ Many LMDS proponents agree with our tentative conclusion.-St yO!-#C\  P6QP#эXComments of CellularVision at 5.(#ƀ CellularVision,  X<-for example, contends it and other parties demonstrated in comments in ET Docket 94124I.<t {O#- (##C\  P6QP#эXIn the Matter of Parts 2, 15, and 97 of the Commission's Rules to Permit Use of Radio Frequencies Above  {O_$-40 GHz for New Radio Applications, (NPRM), 9 F.C.C. Rcd. 7078 (ET Docket No. 94124).(#I that based on "significant differences in signal propagation characteristics, component technology and system implementation, the cost of providing LMDS service at 40 GHz would be significantly more expensive than the cost at 28 GHz, thus rendering 40 GHz LMDS" .0*(("  X-commercially unviable."/t yOy-#C\  P6QP#эXReply Comments of CellularVision at 15. (#Ə However, GHz Equipment Company, a manufacturer of equipment for MMDS video distribution, asserts that it can produce inexpensive analog equipment at 40 GHz and further asserts that digital delivery systems are being tested by GHz Equipment and can be accommodated in this spectrum. It indicates, however, that digital equipment will cost  X-significantly more with today's pricing regardless of the spectrum band employed.0Xt yO-#C\  P6QP#эXComments of GHz Equipment Company at 3. (#ƈ Moreover, some LMDS proponents envision that specialized terrestrial services may become suitable for the 40 GHz band in the future, as technology advances and 40 GHz equipment is  X_-developed and becomes commercially available.1_t yO -#C\  P6QP#эXComments of CellularVision at 56; Comments of Comtech at 2; Comments of Pacific Telesis at 2.(#ƾ  X1-x30. NASA asserts that the principal accommodation of LMDS should be in the 40 GHz  X -band.v2 xt yOC-#C\  P6QP#эXComments of NASA at 1.(#v NASA argues that the Commission erred in its conclusion based on representations of  X -28 GHz LMDS proponents which claim LMDS is not viable at 40 GHz,s3 t yO-#C\  P6QP#эXNASA comments at 9.(#s and that many telecommunications and technology development companies in the country assert that  X -technology is readily available to develop LMDS in the 40 GHz frequency band.4 t {O- (##C\  P6QP#эXId. at 12. NASA contends that the 40 GHz spectrum is not suitable for FSS. It asserts that LMDS systems,  (#by their terrestrial nature can compensate for differences in rain attenuation across different rain zones by  (#zvarying their cell sizes and thereby varying the path length through the rain. Satellites on the other hand,  {Ox- (#must traverse the same path length through the atmosphere at a given elevation angle for all rain zones. Id. at 14. (#ƀ TRW contends that the Commission failed to provide a rational basis for its tentative conclusion that  X -locating LMDS at 40 GHz is not feasible.v5 L t yO-#C\  P6QP#эXComments of TRW at 35.(#v Lockheed Martin and GE Americom assert that the record has not demonstrated that the cost increase of providing LMDS in the 40 GHz  Xy-band would make LMDS service prohibitive.6yt yO -#C\  P6QP#эXComments of Lockheed Martin at 3; Comments of GE Americom at 19.(#Ơ TRW and GE Americom also suggest that the 40 GHz band provides an alternative for LMDS if the 28 GHz band sharing issues cannot be  XK-worked out.7Klt yOh#-#C\  P6QP#эXComments of TRW at 37; Comments of GE Americom at 18.(#Ɩ  X-x31.The record indicates that equipment for provision of LMDS is already available in the near term for the 28 GHz bands, while substantial additional development and costs would be required for implementation of this service in the 40 GHz band. In light of our recognition of" 70*((E" LMDS as a potential source of competition in the local telephony and multichannel video programming distribution ("MVPD") markets, we believe it is important to immediately authorize deployment of LMDS. While the 40 GHz band may prove useable in the longer term for some or all of the types of services proposed by LMDS, or satellite services, we make no decisions here regarding use of the 40 GHz band. Rather, we will address such uses  X-in the pending above 40 GHz proceeding.l8t {O-#C\  P6QP#эSupra note 46.l  X_- C. Band plan proposed in the Third NPRM and Alternative Band Plans Considered  X1-x1. Third NPRM x  X -x32.The band plan proposed in the Third NPRM was the result of months of discussions with interested parties and filings in the proceeding. Specifically, we proposed to segment the 28 GHz band by designating 1000 MHz each for LMDS and GSO/FSS systems; 500 MHz for NGSO/FSS systems; and 400 MHz for MSS feeder links. We proposed sharing in 150 MHz  X -between NGSO/MSS feeder links and LMDS at 29.129.25 GHz, with a prohibition on subscribertohub transmissions for LMDS systems. We also proposed sharing in 250 MHz between GSO/FSS systems and NGSO/MSS feeder links at 29.2529.5 GHz. We proposed  Xd-coordination between these systems on a "firstcomefirst served" basis.9dZt {Oo-#C\  P6QP#эXSee Third NPRM at  64.(#ƀ We also indicated  XM-in the Third NPRM that we may authorize the feeder links of at least one NGSO/MSS system,  X8-TRW, on a reverse band working basis in the 19.419.7 GHz band.:8t {O-#C\  P6QP#эXSee supra note 31 for definition of reverse band working. (#Ʀ The band plan as  X!-proposed in the Third NPRM is represented as follows: x c ddx !ddx c  Z   ""   yO} #X\  P6G;P#LMDS  yOE-p` P (#$%p&`'`D  #&l(*-t/1$4|68,;=?4BD fss #,< PE37,P#  `F #O PE37P#  H=Yx#,< PE37,P# 850 MHzc  yO} #X\  P6G;P#GSO/FSS D  #&l(*-t/1$4|68,;=?4By 19!#A&(,/1Q469Y;= @aBDGiIKND)ngso/fss  H= x#,< PE37,P# 250 MHzE  yO} #X\  P6G;P#NGSO/FSS y 19!#A&(,/1Q469Y;= @aBDGiIKNy 19!#A&(,/1Q469Y;= @aBDGiIKN))gso/fss  H= x#,< PE37,P# 500 MHzE  yO} #X\  P6G;P#MSS  yOE-FEEDER  yO LINKS  yO- &  yO LMDS#,< PE37,P#  `Fe #O PE37P# (hs) #,< PE37,P#  H= x #O PE37P##,< PE37,P##,< PE37,P#150 MHz  `F#O PE37P#  yO}y 19!#A&(,/1Q469Y;= @aBDGiIKN!Q)!1$&(9+-S/N46I9;=Q@BEYGI LaNPSiU)y #X\  P6G;P#MSS  yOE-FEEDER  yO  LINKS  yO- &  yO GSO/FSS  `Fe#O PE37P#  H= x#,< PE37,P#250 MHz  yO} #X\  P6G;P#GSO/FSS  yOE-ngso/fss#,< PE37,P# 500 MHz Z   `FO!Q)!1$&(9+-S/N46I9;=Q@BEYGI LaNPSiUX z u2L!(#%'0*,.8135@8:3 {O-Xr` N h (#%'0*,.8135@8:A  {O -Xr` N h (#%'0*,.8135@8:  Xf-rr"35.` ` We received extensive comments on sharing in the 29.129.25 GHz segment. Motorola asserts that the restriction on LMDS subscribertohub traffic is necessary for the  X8-unimpeded operation of the Iridium system feeder links.kB8V  yO?!-Xr` N h (#%'0*,.8135@8:Xr` N h (#%'0*,.8135@8:Harris (Chief, International Bureau) and Michele Farquhar (Chief, Wireless Telecommunications Bureau) (March 6, 1996). (# We also considered two band plans that designated  X -GSO/FSS systems with less than 1000 MHz.XO  {O-Xr` N h (#%'0*,.8135@8:global use of FSS allocations. Comments of NASA at 3. In the absence of a global decision on the fixed  (#service allocation in the 27.529.5 GHz band, we see no inconsistency warranting prohibition of LMDS service in these bands.(# Furthermore, this band plan combined with the proposed use of the 31 GHz band will ensure  X-that a greater array of proposed LMDS systems can be accommodated. In the Third NPRM, we also tentatively concluded that we could not designate more than 850 MHz of contiguous spectrum to LMDS at the lower end of the band, and noted that designating the additional 150  XO-MHz requested by LMDS proponents at 29.129.25 GHz would be a reasonable compromise.^O  {O-#C\  P6QP#эX Third NPRM at  50.(#Ƃ  X!-.47.` ` GE Americom suggests that the Commission offer some protection to FSS gateways operating in the 27.528.35 GHz band segment. Specifically GE Americom requests "that if an FSS provider selects and coordinates a gateway site with existing LMDS operations, it will not be required to terminate its gateway operations if an LMDS licensee  X-subsequently adds a station within the gateway's potential interference zone."~_  yO$-#C\  P6QP#эXComments of GE Americom at 18.(#~ Some LMDS"_0*((qe"  X-proponents voiced concern over secondary FSS gateway operations at 27.528.35.` yOy- (##C\  P6QP#эXComments of Endgate Corporation at 1; Reply Comments of CellularVision at 11; Reply Comments of Comtech at 6.(# For example, Endgate Corporation believes it would be appropriate for the Commission to require the FSS system operator to notify the existing LMDS operator of its intention to install a "gateway" station and to coordinate with the LMDS operator to prove noninterference before  X-the installation.a  yOu-#C\  P6QP#эXComments of Endgate Corporation at 1.(#ƅ CellularVision believes the Commission should make clear that in order to operate a gateway station on a secondary basis, an FSS proponent first would have to demonstrate that it would not cause interference to the operations of the primary user in that band, the LMDS licensee, and if such FSS operations ever did cause interference to the primary user, LMDS, the FSS operator would have the burden to resolve the interference or  X1-cease operations.b1 yO-#C\  P6QP#эXReply Comments of CellularVision at 11.(#Ƈ  X -/48.` ` We reject GE Americom's proposal that the Commission offer some protection to FSS gateways operating in the 27.528.35 GHz band segment. GE Americom's proposal is inconsistent with the designation of FSS for secondary licensing priority in the 27.528.35 GHz band and potentially deprives LMDS of its domestic priority designation. If proponents of FSS systems implement gateways in this part of the band, it will be on a noninterference basis to LMDS, and accordingly these systems will not be able to claim protection against harmful interference from LMDS operators.  XK-049.` ` We also reject GE Americom's proposal that NGSO/MSS feeder links be given a coprimary allocation within the 27.528.35 GHz band designated for LMDS, pursuant to the sharing arrangement that has been worked out between those parties in the Negotiated  X-Rulemaking.c@ yO-#C\  P6QP#эXComments of GE Americom at 3. (# Such a coprimary allocation would be inconsistent with international allocations, in that no specific provision has been made in the international frequency allocation tables for operation of NGSO/MSS feeder links in the 27.528.35 GHz band. Furthermore, even assuming the associated international coordination issues of such a proposal could be adequately addressed, coprimary operations would impose operational constraints on both LMDS systems and NGSO/MSS feeder links. ` `  Xe-150.` ` Teledesic recommends that all authorized users of the 28 GHz band be required  XN-to utilize digital technology.d$N {O$- (##C\  P6QP#эXSee Comments of Teledesic at n.2 citations omitted. GHz Equipment Company also contends that spectral  (#efficiency beyond analog delivery should be required by the Commission. Comments of GHz Equipment  {Oa&- (#Company at 3. See also Reply Comments of ComTech Associates at 2 "both proponents of digital and analog LMDS systems remain clear in their need for 1,000 MHz."(# CellularVision filed reply comments contending that it and"N d0*((e" other LMDS proponents may implement digital compression if and when it becomes available  X-commercially.e yOb-#C\  P6QP#эXReply Comments of CellularVision at 22.(#Ƈ CellularVision also asserts that it has been established in this proceeding that  X-digital technology is not commercially feasible today for LMDS operations.kfX {O-#C\  P6QP#эXId. (#k This issue will be addressed fully in the satellite and LMDS service rules, respectively.  X- ` ` a. Grandfathering CellularVision's NYPMSA License   Xx-  Xa-251.ؠ ` ` In the Third NPRM, we proposed to include, as a condition of CellularVision's  XL-PMSA license renewal,gL yO - (##C\  P6QP#эXWe anticipate processing the CellularVision renewal application at, or shortly after, the time generallyapplicable LMDS service rules are adopted.(# a provision permitting CellularVision to operate on the contiguous 1 GHz for which it is presently licensed for a period of 36 months following the release date of this Order, or until the first GSO satellite operating in this spectrum is launched, whichever  X -occurs later.X01Í ÍX0Í Í|h B {O-#C\  P6QP#эXThird NPRM at  72.(#| We further proposed to condition the license upon a provision specifying that at the end of the grandfather period, CellularVision's license would become subject to our generally applicable rules for the provision of LMDS service. Thus, at that time, CellularVision would be required to cease operation in the 150 MHz designated for GSO/FSS operations in the 28.3528.50 GHz band. Simultaneously, it would be permitted to operate in the 150 MHz at 29.129.25 GHz. 352.ؠ CellularVision, Bell Atlantic, and Titan filed comments in support of our grandfather proposal. With regard to the termination period for the grandfathering provision, CellularVision requests clarification that the Commission's definition of "launched"  X!-contemplates the point at which a satellite is actually put into service.i! yO-#C\  P6QP#эXComments of CellularVision at 10.(#Ɓ It notes that there is typically a period of several months between the launch of a satellite and its inauguration of service. CellularVision argues that to require it to migrate from the spectrum prior to that  X-point would be unnecessary.pjd  {O -#C\  P6QP#эXId. at 11.(#p 453.ؠ Some GSO/FSS entities expressed concern that this proposal would allow CellularVision to interfere with deployment of their operations. Hughes asserts that the grandfathering provision as proposed could provide an incentive for CellularVision to stall the  Xi-licensing of GSO/FSS systems in order to provide a longer transition period for itself.qki  yO'-#C\  P6QP#эComments of Hughes at 30.q "i k0*((1e" Hughes argues that it is critical that the Commission establish a definitive deadline for this transition that is not subject to change or exception. Hughes states that its investors and lenders "require comfort" that the satellite launch will not be hindered by further regulatory delays. Hughes argues that the Commission should adopt a threeyear transition period for  X-CellularVision and make clear that it will not consider any exceptions or extensions.il {O-#C\  P6QP#эXId.(#i GE Americom agrees with Hughes and believes the Commission must adhere to its deadline for CellularVision to vacate this spectrum so that CellularVision's operation in the New York  X_-service area will not be permitted to interfere with the development of GSO/FSS services.m_Z yOj -#C\  P6QP#эXReply comments of GE Americom at 1718. (#ƈ Orion claims it is conceivable that CellularVision would attempt to leverage its position as a service provider to existing subscribers to persuade the Commission to remove the time limit  X -on its temporary use of the 150 MHz from 28.3528.50.n  yO-#C\  P6QP#эReply Comments of Orion Network Systems at 1011.  554.ؠ It is our intention to facilitate the development of LMDS in New York and the rest of the nation, as well as the deployment of GSO/FSS systems. We recognize that permitting CellularVision to proceed with its business plan and existing system design in the contiguous 1 GHz for which it was originally licensed will help ensure a seamless transition for CellularVision's customers as LMDS is licensed pursuant to the band plan implemented in  Xy-this Report and Order. We also recognize the concerns of potential GSO/FSS licensees that CellularVision's operations in the band may interrupt implementation of GSO/FSS systems designated for the band. Accordingly, in order to ensure certainty for both CellularVisions customers and for potential GSO/FSS systems planning to provide service in the United States in the 28.3528.50 GHz band, we clarify our reference to "launch" as the date which the first GSO/FSS satellite, intended to operate in the 28.3528.50 GHz band, leaves the Earth's  X-surface. The satellite licensee is responsible for notifying CellularVision six months prior to the planned launch date, and for giving CellularVision, upon its request, updates on the satellite's status. CellularVision has the responsibility to remain apprised of the satellite's status and to ensure that LMDS operations cease on the 150 MHz allocated for GSO/FSS operations in accordance with the order herein. With these safeguards provided by this clarification, we do not believe that the concerns expressed by some of the GSO/FSS  Xg-applicants regarding interference from LMDS operations will be realized.  655.ؠ We also find it necessary to adjust the amount of time for which CellularVision  X"-will be grandfathered from our proposal in the Third NPRM. Instead of 36 months, we find  X -that 24 months from the release date of this Report and Order, or by the date of launch of the first GSO/FSS satellite, whichever occurs later, is appropriate. Our reasons for this finding  X-are that the time proposed in the Third NPRM was intended to coincide approximately with the expected launch date of the first GSO/FSS satellite proposed for this band. At that time, launch was expected in approximately three years. Due to delays in adjusting the band"!zn0*(( e"  X-segmentation plan for the 28 GHz band, a full year has passed since adoption of the Third  X-NPRM. Since we intend to facilitate both LMDS and the GSO/FSS applicants for the 28 GHz band, we find that it is reasonable to grandfather CellularVision for the same benchmark, i.e., the expected launch of the first GSO/FSS satellite. Since that projected launch date has not changed, we believe it is fair to set the sunset period for 24 months from the release date  X-of this Report and Order. Moreover, we do not believe that this decision results in unfairness to CellularVision because its expansion applications have been granted, and CellularVision has had the authority to build out its system throughout the NYPMSA on its original authorization of 1 GHz at 27.528.5. The same expansion which would have been possible under the grandfather provision has been available to CellularVision for this length of time. Therefore, we require CellularVision to vacate the 28.3528.50 GHz band by 24 months following the  X -release date of this Report and Order, or by the date of launch of the first GSO/FSS satellite intended to provide service in the United States in this band, whichever occurs later.#XN\  P9XP#   V -b. Effect of Band Segmentation on CellularVision's NYPMSA License 756.ؠ The effect of this band plan is to require CellularVision to transition to the non X-contiguous spectrum designated in this Report and Order, which may necessitate retuning or replacing existing equipment. As a result, we believe it is appropriate to facilitate CellularVision's transition to the band plan we adopt today by authorizing its concurrent use of its authorized 1 GHz at 27.528.5 GHz and the newly designated 150 MHz at 29.129.25 for hubtosubscriber transmissions during the grandfathered period.  X-  X-2.    Primary GSO/FSS Spectrum   X-857.` ` We designate 750 MHz of exclusive primary spectrum for GSO/FSS systems, in two noncontiguous segments at 28.3528.60 GHz and 29.530.0 GHz. NGSO/FSS systems will have secondary status in these segments. We also designate GSO/FSS use for 250 MHz  X-on a coprimary basis with NGSO/MSS feeder links at 29.2529.5 GHz.o {O-#C\  P6QP#эXSee discussion on sharing issues infra  7274.(#Ƣ  XX-958.` ` In the Third NPRM we stated that broadband satellite applications require more bandwidth than current data operations, and that 1000 MHz of spectrum is needed to support multiple 28GHz band GSO/FSS systems. NASA and Loral Space Communications, Ltd. (Loral) contend that GSO/FSS systems require more than 1000 MHz of 28 GHz band  X-spectrum.p Z yO #- (#.#C\  P6QP#эXPanAmSat Corporation suggests that the entire Kaband should be allocated to satellite services. Comments  (#of PanAmSat at 2. CellularVision argues that PanAmSat provides no basis for exclusion of LMDS from the  (#band and that Loral's plan to give FSS 1.25 GHz of contiguous spectrum does not provide justification. Reply Comments of CellularVision at 89. (# Several GSO/FSS proponents have indicated that 1000 MHz of 28 GHz spectrum, free from technical constraints, is the minimum amount of spectrum needed to"Bp0*((e"  X-operate commercially viable GSO/FSS systems.qF {Oy- (#z#C\  P6QP#эXSee Comments of GE Americom at 56; Reply Comments of GE Americom at 23; Comments of Hughes  (#Mat 3; Comments of Orion Network Systems at 23; Reply Comments of Orion Network Systems at 3. In  (#.the comments, some satellite proponents contend that the noncontiguous nature of the GSO/FSS spectrum,  {O- (#as proposed in the Third NPRM, also adds complexity and cost to system design. Comments of Loral at  {O- (#3, Reply Comments of GE Americom at 67 and Reply Comments of Orion at 34. See also ex parte letter  (#/from Stephen L. Goodman, Counsel to AT&T, to Scott Blake Harris and Michele C. Farquhar (March 7,  (#{1996) and Letter from Edward J. Fitzpatrick to Scott Blake Harris and Michele C. Farquhar (March 1, 1996). (# Although we designate 250 MHz on a shared basis with NGSO/MSS feeder links, we find that broadband GSO/FSS applications proposed for this band can be supported within our total designation of 1000 MHz.  X-3.  Primary NGSO FSS Spectrum   X-  Xx-:59.` ` Consistent with the band plan proposed in the Third NPRM, the U.S. position at the WRC95, and our intention to continue to propose 500 MHz for NGSO/FSS at WRC97, we designate 500 MHz at 28.629.1 GHz for NGSO/FSS systems. Until such time as  X5-studies are completed in the ITUR,tr5 {O-#X\  P6G;P#эXSupra  23.(#t we cannot conclude that cofrequency sharing is possible between GSO/FSS systems and NGSO/FSS systems and therefore a separate band  X -designation is warranted.s h  yO - (#\#C\  P6QP#эXWe will address the issue of international service in this band with respect to U.S. GSO/FSS systems in the individual licenses of GSO/FSS systems. (# We believe designating 500 MHz is necessary to accommodate  X -the increasing worldwide demand for 28 GHz spectrum for NGSO/FSS systems..t  yOa- (##C\  P6QP#эXIn this regard, we note that France recently submitted information to the ITU of its intention to construct two such NGSO/FSS systems, and Russia also submitted such information for one system. (#. Significantly, this 500 MHz designation preserves the possibility that competitive NGSO/FSS systems may be implemented in this band.  X-;60.` ` Accordingly, we reject TRW's request that we defer consideration of an NGSO/FSS designation until we determine whether to grant an authorization to the sole  Xf-currently pending domestic applicant for an NGSO/FSS system.nuf yO/ -#X\  P6G;P#эTRW Comments at 3637.n In view of the fact that we are adopting designations for a number of different types of services, we decline to forego adopting a designation when that action is both contrary to the international allocation in this band and could be perceived as foreclosing competitive systems proposed by other countries.   X-<61.` ` In its comments, Teledesic also recommends that the Commission designate  X-use of the 28.629.1 GHz and 18.819.3 GHz bands for both FSS and MSS.|v yO5'-#C\  P6QP#эXComments of Teledesic at 22.(#| Hughes"8v0*((e" opposes this request. In the absence of an international allocation for MSS in the 28.629.1 or 18.819.3 GHz frequency band, we decline to adopt an inconsistent domestic allocation. We will, however, consider authorizing such uses on a noninterference basis to other services already allocated in this band.  X- =62.` ` GE Americom proposes that the Commission give GSO/FSS operators coprimary status in the 28.629.1/18.820.3 GHz bands in order to create incentives for NGSO/FSS satellite system operators to resolve interference problems between NGSO and  XH-GSO systems.~wH yO -#C\  P6QP#эXComments of GE Americom at 17.(#~ Teledesic opposes GE's proposal.xHX yOQ -#C\  P6QP#эXReply Comments of Teledesic at 7. (#Ƃ We reject GE Americom's proposal. While GE Americom's proposal would be appropriate if NGSO and GSO services operated under an international regulatory regime that put both types of systems on equal footing in all FSS bands, in fact NGSO/FSS systems operate under a handicap in the majority of FSS frequency bands outside of the 28.729.1 GHz band segment, in which RR 2613 applies and which requires any NGSO/FSS system to cease operations if it causes unacceptable  X -interference into a GSO/FSS system.xy  {OW-#C\  P6QP#эXSee supra note 28.(#x Under these circumstances, access by GSO/FSS systems to the 28.629.1 GHz bands without reciprocal access by NGSO/FSS systems to bands designated for GSO/FSS does not provide appropriate incentives for resolution of interference issues. Therefore, NGSO/FSS systems will be the primary satellite system licensees, in the United States, in the 28.629.1 GHz band.  X4-    X- E. Inter and IntraService Sharing in the 29.1 29.5 GHz Band  X-  1. Sharing in the 29.129.25 GHz Band between NGSO/MSS Feeder Link Earth (#(#  X-Stations (150 MHz)  X-  X->63.` ` The sharing principles in the 29.129.25 GHz band segment are designed to accommodate the only two licensed NGSO/MSS systems seeking access to this band, the Motorola Iridium system and the TRW Odyssey system, and potential additional NGSO/MSS systems. Although Motorola initially opposed the addition of a second NGSO/MSS system's  XN-feeder links in the 29.129.3 GHz band,zNz yOy"-#C\  P6QP#эXJoint Comments of Motorola Satellite Communications, Inc. & Iridium, Inc. at 9.(#Ư after extensive technical discussions an agreement was reached whereby TRW's and Motorola's NGSO/MSS systems can operate their respective  X -feeder links in the same assigned spectrum with minimal constraints. In the Third NPRM we also proposed that NGSO/MSS feeder links be authorized on a "reverse band working" basis  X-in the 19.419.7 GHz band.r{  {O'-#C\  P6QP#эXSee note 31.(#r Although we had indicated that we may need to authorize an"{0*((<e" applicant to operate in this manner if sharing was not possible, no party specifically requested  X-operating in a reverse band working mode.|  yOb- (##C\  P6QP#эXIn fact TRW notes that substantial costs and system delays would be involved in order for TRW to operate  (# reverse band. Comments of TRW at 4. Moreover, TRW asserts Hughes's suggestion of requiring one of  (#the two MSS systems to operate uplinks in the 19 GHz band on a reverse band basis, is unacceptable. Reply Comments of TRW at 22.(# Therefore, we are not adopting any specific criteria at this time for reverse band working and will examine any requests for such operations on a casebycase basis in the future. Further, Motorola will be limited to operating its feeder links within this 150 MHz band, since Motorola indicates it will be unable to share with GSO/FSS systems in the adjoining band. The following text summarizes the sharing principles to which TRW and Motorola have agreed and which, we conclude, facilitate an equitable sharing environment in the band. The specific sharing rules we adopt  XH-are set forth in Appendix B of this Report and Order.  X -?64.` ` The parties agreed that in order to facilitate an appropriate sharing atmosphere, Motorola would operate using righthand circular polarization and TRW would operate using lefthand circular polarization. Both systems will use power control. The parties also concluded that geographical separation of feeder link earth stations and coordination, when the stations are separated by 800 km or less, is also required. Both operators agreed to cooperate fully in identifying mutually acceptable locations for their feeder link earth stations and coordinating these stations.  Xd-@65.` ` Motorola and TRW agreed that in the shared band segment, TRW will have a maximum of two operational feeder link earth stations in the United States and Motorola will have a maximum of six operational feeder link earth stations in the United States. Further, in the western United States, Motorola will implement a feeder link earth station in the immediate vicinity of Phoenix, AZ and TRW will have a feeder link earth station in the immediate vicinity of San Luis Obispo, CA. In the eastern United States, Motorola will have a feeder link earth station in the immediate vicinity of Montpelier, VT. The location of an additional Iridium feeder link earth station in the eastern United States, will not be specified until an Odyssey feeder link earth station site in the eastern United States, separated from the Iridium Montpelier site by a mutually acceptable distance, is chosen. Accordingly, any additional Iridium feeder link earth stations shall be separated from the Odyssey sites by a mutually acceptable distance. The parties will determine this mutually acceptable distance during the coordination process.  X"- A66.` ` Although both parties indicate that use of this band should be exclusive for these two NGSO/MSS systems, at this time we do not believe feeder links from a third NGSO/MSS system should be precluded from operating in the band. However, any NGSO/MSS system requesting use of this band for NGSO/MSS feeder link earth stations will be required to coordinate its proposed site and frequency usage with existing licensees as well as with previously filed applicants in the band prior to filing an earth station application. ""|0*((!e"Ԍ X-  2.  Sharing in the 29.129.25 GHz band between NGSO/MSS feeder link (#(# X-earth stations and LMDS (150 MHz)  X-B67.` ` In the Third NPRM we proposed sharing rules between LMDS hubtosubscriber transmissions and NGSO/MSS feeder links in the 29.129.25 GHz band. These rules were based on rules agreed to at the NRMC. We proposed to limit NGSO/MSS feeder uplinks in this 150 MHz to eight "feeder link earth station complexes," and identified a number of geographical and procedural restrictions. These rules also anticipated that only one NGSO/MSS system, Motorola, would operate feeder links in this band segment.  X -C68.` ` TRW and Motorola both commented on these rules. TRW believes that the accommodation of a second NGSO/MSS system provides a need for slight revisions to our  X -proposed rules.}  {Og - (#M#C\  P6QP#эXSee Comments of TRW at 20. TRW also suggests modifications to our proposed rules. See Attachment 2 of TRW Comments.(# In its comments, Motorola claims that these rules originally intended that only one NGSO/MSS operator would use feeder links in this 150 MHz. It states that if sharing were feasible, it still needs the flexibility of choosing eight locations as earth station complexes before the licensing of LMDS service providers and suggests the Commission  X-allow two additional sites.~" yOe-#C\  P6QP#эXJoint Reply Comments of Motorola and Iridium at 13.(#Ɠ  Xd-D69.` ` We adopt the rules proposed in the Third NPRM with some modifications as a  XO-result of the comments. Specifically, we add two additional sites for feeder link earth station complexes because it appears that at least two NGSO/MSS systems will operate in this band segment and will require the flexibility of additional sites. We believe that this addition should not entail any excessive burden on LMDS parties. The following text summarizes  X-these sharing rules. The specific rules are set forth in Appendix B of this Report and Order.  X-E70.` ` Under the sharing rules adopted today, NGSO/MSS licensees can operate feeder link earth stations in up to ten designated metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) without further coordination. We require the feeder link earth station complexes to be identified no more than 15 days after the release of a public notice announcing the commencement of LMDS auctions. LMDS receive stations must accept any interference caused to them by these MSS feeder link earth stations, within the specified MSA, and up to 75 nautical miles from the earth station geographical coordinates. If these sites are not identified within this 15 days, then they will have to coordinate. These sites must be chosen in accordance with the following requirements: no feeder link earth station complex may be located in the top eight (8) MSAs, ranked by population, as defined by the Office of Management and Budget as of June 1993, using estimated populations as of December 1992; two (2) complexes may be located in MSAs 9 25, one of which must be Phoenix; two (2) complexes may be located in MSAs 2650; three (3) complexes may be located in MSAs 51100, one of which must be Honolulu, Hawaii; and the three (3) remaining complexes must be located at least 75 nautical""~0*((!e" miles from the borders of the 100 largest MSAs or in any MSA not included in the 100 largest MSAs. Any location allotted for one range of MSAs may be taken from an MSA below that range.  X-F71.` ` We adopt a prohibition on transmission of LMDS subscriber transceivers in this shared 150 MHz band segment. As previously discussed, the LMDS and NGSO/MSS interested parties were unable to reach a consensus on sharing criteria for MSS feeder links  X_-and LMDS subscribertohub transmissions, supra  37. At this time we find it necessary to restrict LMDS use of this band segment to hubtosubscriber transmissions. However, as indicated earlier, should the LMDS proponents in the future be able to demonstrate definitively that they can technically operate subscribertohub links on a noninterference basis to the NGSO/MSS feeder links, particularly the satellite constellation, we would revisit the restriction we adopt today.  X -  ` `    X -  3. Sharing between NGSO/MSS feeder link earth stations and GSO/FSS systems  X -in the 29.25 29.5 GHz Band (250 MHz)  X{-X` p(#%'0*,.8135@8: T z  g  Climate Zone  e.i.r.p. Spectral Density (Clear Air) (dBW/MHzkm2)**z  g J ddx > ddx > J z q   h  l 1 h "P23q q   hh  l 2vh "P25q    h   3,4,5 "P26 v  X-* #O PE37P#LMDS system licensees in two or more BTAs may individually or collectively deviate from the spectral area density computed above by averaging the power over any 200 km by 400 km area, provided that the aggregate interference to the satellite receiver is no greater than if the spectral area density were as specified in Table 1. A showing to the Commission comparing both methods of computation is required and copies shall be served on any affected non-GSO 20/30 GHz MSS providers.  _<#&m PE37&P#  sN-#O PE37P# ** See Section 21.1007(c)(i) for the population density of the BTA  _<#&m PE37&P#  _<(c)(3) Hub Transmitter e.i.r.p. Spectral Area Density Limit at Elevation Angles Above the Horizon:  T-LMDS applicants shall demonstrate that, under clear air operating conditions, the maximum aggregate of LMDS transmitting hub stations in a Basic Trading Area in the 29.129.25 GHz band will not transmit a co-frequency hub-tosubscriber e.i.r.p. spectral area density in any azimuthal direction in excess of X dBW/(MHz-km2) when averaged over any 4.375 MHz band where X is defined in Table 2. Individual hub stations may exceed their clear air e.i.r.p.s by employment of adaptive power control in cases where link propagation attenuation exceeds the clear air value and only to the extent that the link is impaired. (i) The e.i.r.p. aggregate spectral area density is calculated as follows:  xP"-#c PE37MP#N#&m PE37&P#  a"<lOlog#c PE37MP#10#&m PE37&P# # PE37*mRP##*&m PE37&P#1/A #x\  P6Q P## c4  pQ##^\  P6Q5P# #&J\  P6Q&P#e.i.r.p.(ai)#XP\  P6Q9XP##|\  P6G;5P##X\  P6G;P# ,dBW/MHzkm2 #C\  P6QP# #C\  P6QP#  yO#- #C\  P6QP# i=1#XP\  P6Q9XP##C\  P6QP##XP\  P6Q9XP# where:"%>0*&&aa&"ԌN = number of co-frequency hubs in BTA A= Area of BTA in km2 e.i.r.p. (ai) = equivalent isotropic radiated spectral power density of the i-th hub (in W/MHz) at elevation angle a Table 2 J ddx >  ,ddxH?,b# J   v   Nu Elevation Angle (a) Relative e.i.r.p. Density (dBW/MHzkm2) Z H I   Xa -0-  a  4.0-J h e.i.r.p.(a) = e.i.r.p.(0-) + 20 log  XJ -(sin)x)(1/)x) where x = (a + 1)/7.5-Z Z  II   X -4.0$ < a  7.7- h e.i.r.p.(a) = e.i.r.p.(0-) 3.85a + 7.7Z  3  I  a > 7.7-. e.i.r.p.(a) = e.i.r.p.(0-) 22    S   Sh X hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8: